![]() ![]() A show might invite you to go to a website and answer a question such as whether you favor or oppose same-sex marriage. An example of a non-probability sample is an instant poll which you hear about on radio and television shows. This isn’t the case for non-probability samples. Probability samples are samples in which every object in the population has a known, non-zero, chance of being in the sample (i.e., the probability of selection). There are many different ways to select samples. Notice that the mean age of the sample (our statistic) is known while the mean age of the population (our parameter) is usually unknown. In other words, we use the mean age of the sample to make an inference about the mean age of the population. We use statistics to make inferences about parameters. The mean age of a sample is a statistic while the mean age of the population is a parameter. ![]() So what we do is to select a sample from the population where a sample is a subset of the population and then use the sample data to make an inference about the population.Ī statistic describes a characteristic of a sample while a parameter describes a characteristic of a population. Populations are often large and it’s too costly and time consuming to carry out a complete enumeration. Another example of a population is all the students in a particular school or all college students in your state. does a complete enumeration of all individuals living in the United States every ten years (i.e., each year ending in a zero). For example, a population might be all the individuals that live in the United States at a particular point in time. Populations are the complete set of objects that we want to study. The exercise also gives you practice in using COMPARE MEANS (one-sample t test) and SELECT CASES in PSPP. The goal of this exercise is to explore hypothesis testing and the one-sample t test. Extended notes for instructors (MS Word docx format).Please contact the author for additional information. Included with this exercise (as separate files) are more detailed notes to the instructors and the PSPP syntax necessary to carry out the exercise. Please send a copy of any revision to the author. I prepared two documents to help you with PSPP – “ Notes on Using PSPP” and “ Differences between PSPP and SPSS” which should answer many of your questions about PSPP. You have permission to use this exercise and to revise it to fit your needs. This exercise uses COMPARE MEANS (one-sample t test) and SELECT CASES in PSPP to explore hypothesis testing and the one-sample t test. ![]() The data have been weighted according to the instructions from the National Opinion Research Center. Some of the variables in the GSS have been recoded to make them easier to use and some new variables have been created. Email: to the Instructor: The data set used in this exercise is gss14_subset_for_classes_STATISTICS_pspp.sav which is a subset of the 2014 General Social Survey. ![]()
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